The Relationship Between NMN and NAD+

Under the circumstances of China's population structure change, consumption upgrade and health concept change, the national health demand is increasing. Relevant data show that China's big health industry has already reached a trillion market scale, and is expanding year by year. The expansion of the big health industry has also led to the development of the anti-aging industry.

According to the survey, at this stage, facial anti-aging (62.4%) and internal anti-aging (48.4%) are the two major types of anti-aging products in China. Facial anti-aging brands continue to increase investment in product research and development and technological innovation, and promote the development of anti-aging skin care industry toward fine and scientific development; The internal administration of anti-aging products show the characteristics of diversification of efficacy and product snacking, among which anti-aging component NMN (β-nicotinamide mononucleotide) has become a new blue ocean in the industry.

The survey also shows that 68.2% of consumers use fitness for anti-aging, 62.4% use skin care products for anti-aging, and nearly 50% pay attention to diet and take health care products for anti-aging

What is NMN？

Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), a naturally occurring bioactive nucleotide, is a key precursor of coenzyme I (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, NAD+), which is abundant in vegetables, fungi, meat, shrimp and other foods, and is especially abundant in edamame and avocado.

NMN has two isomers, α and β, of which the β isomer is the active form of NMN (the following β-NMN is abbreviated as NMN), and the structure is shown in the figure.

What is NAD？

NAD stands for nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, also known as coenzyme I. NAD often exists in the body in free form (NAD+), is a coenzyme of many dehydrogenases, and plays a role in the transfer of hydrogen in metabolism. NAD+, as a co-substrate of many enzymes, plays a crucial role in metabolism, aging and cell survival

The relationship between NMN and NAD

NAD+ has five main precursors in the human metabolic cycle:

• Tryptophan (Trp),
• Niacin (Na),
• Niacinamide (Nam),
• Nicotinamide ribose (NR),
• Nicotinamide single nucleotide (NMN),

Taking all five monomers can increase human NAD+ concentration to some extent.

Studies have confirmed that there is a decrease in NAD+ that occurs with aging in different tissues of multiple species, and this decrease is thought to be an important factor in causing several aging-related diseases, so maintaining NAD+ levels plays a crucial role in the aging process. NAD+ precursor niacinamide mononucleotide has been shown to significantly reverse aging at both cellular and global levels.

NAD+ molecule is relatively large, it is difficult to enter the cell through the cell membrane, people can not directly ingested into the cell by oral way, so direct supplement, NMN is considered more easily absorbed by the human body, because the natural pathway in the cell allows it to be absorbed and then converted into NAD.

NAD does not have a direct pathway into the cell, so it must be converted to NMN or Nicotinamide Riboside (NR) before being absorbed and then converted to NAD again in the cell.